{"id":2232,"date":"2026-04-14T07:46:44","date_gmt":"2026-04-14T07:46:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/helicalcutgears.top\/?p=2232"},"modified":"2026-04-14T07:46:44","modified_gmt":"2026-04-14T07:46:44","slug":"helical-gear-applications-in-marine-and-ship-propulsion-powertrain-engineering-guide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/helicalcutgears.top\/ar\/helical-gear-applications-in-marine-and-ship-propulsion-powertrain-engineering-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646: \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646<\/th>\n\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a<\/th>\n\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0629<\/th>\n\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a<\/th>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a (VLCC \/ Panamax)<\/td>\n\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u062f\u064a\u0632\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u200b\u200b\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 (\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0637)<\/td>\n\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0636\u062e\u0645 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0631\u0648\u0642 \/ \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645<\/td>\n\u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0639\u0628\u0651\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0643\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629<\/td>\n\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062f\u064a\u0632\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \/ \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629<\/td>\n18CrNiMo7-6 \u0645\u0637\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u062e\u0637 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 (CODAG \/ COGAG)<\/td>\n\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c (\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642)<\/td>\n\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u064f\u0641\u0631\u0651\u063a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646 (OSV)<\/td>\n\u062f\u064a\u0632\u0644-\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a (\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 PTI\/PTO)<\/td>\n\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u064f\u0642\u0633\u0651\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062b<\/td>\n\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0643\u0627\u0633\u062d\u0629 \u062c\u0644\u064a\u062f \/ \u0642\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0632\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062e\u0645 \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0644\u0637\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c: \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u0631<\/h2>\n
\n
\n

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\"\u062a\u0631\u0633<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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\n
\"\u0631\u0633\u0645<\/div>\n
\n

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\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a (EHL)<\/h2>\n

\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646 (EHL). \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 EHL \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0632\u064a\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a (EP) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f. \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0634\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u0636\u062e\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0625\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a. \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0634\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u060c \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c. \u064a\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u0629) \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644.<\/p>\n

\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u060c \u064a\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a (\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0627). \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 1.5 \u0641\u0635\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a \u0648\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a. \u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u064a\u064f\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0647\u062f\u062f \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a. \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062e\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u060c \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0628. \u064a\u064f\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644. \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646 (EHL)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 1.0. \u064a\u064f\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u064a\u062a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u064f\u0633\u0628\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0637\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0637\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631. \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635. \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u062d\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628 (CNC)\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d (Ra) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646 (EHL) \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0629: PTO \u0648PTI \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629<\/h2>\n
\n
\n

\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 (PTO)<\/h3>\n

\"\u0639\u0644\u0628\u0629<\/p>\n

\u062a\u064f\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629. \u0641\u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062f\u064a\u0632\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 (PTO) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643 \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062e\u0645\u060c \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0627\u064b \u062c\u0632\u0621\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/h3>\n

\"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n

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\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u064a\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0648\u0631: \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n
\n
\"\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/div>\n
\n

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