{"id":2349,"date":"2026-06-25T03:45:12","date_gmt":"2026-06-25T03:45:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/helicalcutgears.top\/?p=2349"},"modified":"2026-06-25T03:45:12","modified_gmt":"2026-06-25T03:45:12","slug":"helical-gear-efficiency-power-loss-heat-generation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/helicalcutgears.top\/cs\/helical-gear-efficiency-power-loss-heat-generation\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00da\u010dinnost \u0161ikm\u00e9ho ozuben\u00e9ho kola \u2014 Pr\u016fvodce ztr\u00e1tou v\u00fdkonu v z\u00e1b\u011bru, generov\u00e1n\u00edm tepla a chlazen\u00edm oleje"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u00da\u010dinnost \u0161ikm\u00e9ho ozuben\u00e9ho kola \u2014 v\u00fdpo\u010det ztr\u00e1ty v\u00fdkonu v z\u00e1b\u011bru, generov\u00e1n\u00ed tepla a chlazen\u00ed olejem<\/h1>\n

\u0160roubovit\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 kolo<\/strong> Pohony pat\u0159\u00ed mezi nej\u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed dostupn\u00e9 komponenty pro p\u0159enos v\u00fdkonu \u2013 dob\u0159e specifikovan\u00e9, p\u0159esn\u011b brou\u0161en\u00e9 spir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 kolo<\/strong> stupe\u0148 p\u0159em\u011b\u0148uje 98,5\u201399,51 TP3T vstupn\u00edho v\u00fdkonu na u\u017eite\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdstup, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e v z\u00e1b\u011bru zub\u016f se ztr\u00e1c\u00ed pouze 0,5\u20131,51 TP3T jako teplo. P\u0159esto se i tento mal\u00fd pod\u00edl ztr\u00e1t st\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm pro pohony s vysok\u00fdm v\u00fdkonem: pohon o v\u00fdkonu 500 kW se ztr\u00e1tou v z\u00e1b\u011bru zub\u016f 11 TP3T generuje 5 kW tepla, kter\u00e9 mus\u00ed b\u00fdt nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u011b odv\u00e1d\u011bno. Pochopen\u00ed toho, kde ke ztr\u00e1t\u00e1m doch\u00e1z\u00ed, jak vypo\u010d\u00edtat tepeln\u00e9 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed a kdy je nutn\u00fd olejov\u00fd chladi\u010d, ur\u010duje, zda p\u0159evodovka z\u016fstane v r\u00e1mci sv\u00e9ho tepeln\u00e9ho provozn\u00edho okna po celou dobu sv\u00e9 \u017eivotnosti.<\/p>\n

Vy\u017e\u00e1dejte si tepeln\u00e9 hodnocen\u00ed pro va\u0161i p\u0159evodovku \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u010cty\u0159i zdroje ztr\u00e1ty v\u00fdkonu v pohonu se \u0161ikm\u00fdm ozuben\u00fdm kolem<\/h2>\n

Celkov\u00e1 \u00fa\u010dinnost \u03b7_total a spir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 kolo<\/strong> pohon je sou\u010dinem \u00fa\u010dinnost\u00ed v\u0161ech jednotliv\u00fdch zdroj\u016f ztr\u00e1t. Pro jednostup\u0148ov\u00fd uzav\u0159en\u00fd spir\u00e1lov\u00e1 p\u0159evodovka<\/strong>, \u010dty\u0159i nez\u00e1visl\u00e9 mechanismy spot\u0159ebov\u00e1vaj\u00ed energii z spir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 kolo<\/strong> \u0159\u00eddit:<\/p>\n

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1. Ztr\u00e1ta v z\u00e1b\u011bru ozuben\u00fdch kol (z\u00e1visl\u00e1 na zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kluzn\u00e9 t\u0159en\u00ed mezi boky zub\u016f b\u011bhem f\u00e1z\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed a zahlouben\u00ed p\u0159i z\u00e1b\u011bru. Toto je dominantn\u00ed ztr\u00e1ta \u00fa\u010dinnosti v spir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 kolo<\/strong> pohon, co\u017e p\u0159edstavuje 50\u2013701 TP3T celkov\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty v\u00fdkonu p\u0159evodovky. Ztr\u00e1ta v s\u00edti se p\u0159\u00edmo \u0161k\u00e1luje s p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161en\u00fdm zat\u00ed\u017een\u00edm (miz\u00ed p\u0159i nulov\u00e9m zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed). Typick\u00fd p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek: 0,5\u20131,51 TP3T p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161en\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu na stupe\u0148 s\u00edt\u011b.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

2. Ztr\u00e1ta v lo\u017eisku (z\u00e1visl\u00e1 na zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed + z\u00e1visl\u00e1 na rychlosti)<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u0159en\u00ed valiv\u00e9ho lo\u017eiska v lo\u017eisk\u00e1ch podp\u011bry h\u0159\u00eddele. Pro kuli\u010dkov\u00e1 lo\u017eiska s hlubokou dr\u00e1\u017ekou: \u03b7_bearing \u2248 99,5% na lo\u017eisko p\u0159i st\u0159edn\u00ed rychlosti a zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed. Pro v\u00e1le\u010dkov\u00e1 lo\u017eiska p\u0159i vysok\u00e9 rychlosti a zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed: \u03b7_bearing \u2248 98,5\u201399%. Dva p\u00e1ry lo\u017eisek na h\u0159\u00eddel p\u0159id\u00e1vaj\u00ed 0,5\u20131,5% celkovou ztr\u00e1tu v lo\u017eisku pro typick\u00fd jednostup\u0148ov\u00fd p\u0159evod. spir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 kolo<\/strong> jednotka.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

3. V\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed a ztr\u00e1ta v\u011btru (pouze v z\u00e1vislosti na rychlosti)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Visk\u00f3zn\u00ed v\u00ed\u0159\u00edc\u00ed olej spir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 kolo<\/strong> ot\u00e1\u010d\u00ed se v olejov\u00e9 l\u00e1zni a aerodynamick\u00fdm v\u011btrem p\u0159i vysok\u00e9 rychlosti. Ztr\u00e1ta v\u00ed\u0159en\u00edm \u221d n\u00b2 \u00d7 \u03c1_olej \u00d7 d_p\u0159evodovka\u00b3 \u2013 st\u00e1v\u00e1 se dominantn\u00ed p\u0159i vysok\u00fdch rychlostech na ose stoup\u00e1n\u00ed (>15 m\/s) a p\u0159i p\u0159epln\u011bn\u00fdch olejov\u00fdch van\u00e1ch. V\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159edstavuje 0,5\u201331 TP3T ztr\u00e1ty v\u00fdkonu v p\u0159evodovk\u00e1ch mazan\u00fdch rozst\u0159ikem p\u0159i vysok\u00fdch rychlostech.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

4. Ztr\u00e1ta t\u011bsn\u011bn\u00ed (z\u00e1visl\u00e1 na rychlosti)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Odpor b\u0159itov\u00e9ho t\u011bsn\u011bn\u00ed na vstupn\u00edm a v\u00fdstupn\u00edm h\u0159\u00eddeli. Ka\u017ed\u00e9 b\u0159itov\u00e9 t\u011bsn\u011bn\u00ed rozptyluje p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 10\u201330 W p\u0159i typick\u00fdch pr\u016fm\u011brech h\u0159\u00eddele a ot\u00e1\u010dk\u00e1ch \u2013 zanedbateln\u00e9 pro pohony s vysok\u00fdm v\u00fdkonem (>50 kW), ale relevantn\u00ed pro mal\u00e9 pohony. spir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 kolo<\/strong> jednotky s v\u00fdkonem pod 5 kW, kde ztr\u00e1ta t\u011bsn\u011bn\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159edstavovat 1\u20133% jmenovit\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u00da\u010dinnost z\u00e1b\u011bru \u0161ikm\u00e9ho ozuben\u00e9ho kola \u2013 vzorec pro kluzn\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty<\/h2>\n

\u00da\u010dinnost z\u00e1b\u011bru ozuben\u00fdch kol spir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 kolo<\/strong> P\u00e1r je prim\u00e1rn\u011b ur\u010den koeficientem kluzn\u00e9ho t\u0159en\u00ed f v kontaktn\u00ed z\u00f3n\u011b zubu a geometri\u00ed ozuben\u00e9ho kola. P\u0159\u00edstupy k kluzn\u00fdm ztr\u00e1t\u00e1m Benedicta-Kelleyho a Niemanna d\u00e1vaj\u00ed ztr\u00e1tu v\u00fdkonu v z\u00e1b\u011bru P_VZP jako:<\/p>\n

\u03b7_mesh = 1 \u2212 P_VZP \/ P_transmitted
\nP_VZP = f \u00d7 F_t \u00d7 v_s_pr\u016fm\u011br \u00d7 \u03b5_\u03b1
\nkde: f = pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fd sou\u010dinitel kluzn\u00e9ho t\u0159en\u00ed (viz tabulka n\u00ed\u017ee)
\nF_t = te\u010dn\u00e1 s\u00edla na rozte\u010dn\u00e9 kru\u017enici [N]
\nv_s_mean = pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 kluzn\u00e1 rychlost v m\u00edst\u011b kontaktu zubu \u2248 \u03c0 \u00d7 (1\/z\u2081 + 1\/z\u2082) \u00d7 F_t\/(b \u00d7 mn) \u00d7 [mm\/s]
\n\u03b5_\u03b1 = p\u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00fd kontaktn\u00ed pom\u011br<\/p>\n

Pro praktick\u00e9 spir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 kolo<\/strong> Zjednodu\u0161en\u00fd Niemann\u016fv vzorec ud\u00e1v\u00e1 \u00fa\u010dinnost z\u00e1b\u011bru jako funkci p\u0159evodov\u00e9ho pom\u011bru u a sou\u010dinitele t\u0159en\u00ed f:<\/p>\n

\u03b7_mesh \u2248 1 \u2212 f \u00d7 \u03c0 \u00d7 (1\/z\u2081 + 1\/z\u2082) \/ cos(\u03b1_t) \u00d7 (1 + 0,25 \u00d7 \u03b5_\u03b2\u00b2)\u2070\u00b7\u2075<\/p>\n

Zjednodu\u0161en\u011b: \u03b7_mesh \u2248 1 \u2212 f \u00d7 \u03c0 \u00d7 (u + 1) \/ (u \u00d7 z\u2081 \u00d7 cos \u03b1_t)<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Provozn\u00ed stav<\/th>\nSou\u010dinitel t\u0159en\u00ed f<\/th>\nTypick\u00e1 \u03b7_s\u00ed\u0165 na stupe\u0148<\/th>\nPozn\u00e1mky<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Pozemn\u00ed podvozek, syntetick\u00fd olej PAO, pln\u011b EHL film (\u03bb \u2265 2)<\/td>\n0,025\u20130,040<\/td>\n99,0\u201399,5%<\/td>\nNejlep\u0161\u00ed dosa\u017eiteln\u00e9: p\u0159esnost spir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 kolo<\/strong>, DIN t\u0159\u00edda 4\u20135, ISO VG 100\u2013220 PAO p\u0159i provozn\u00ed teplot\u011b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Pozemn\u00ed podvozek, miner\u00e1ln\u00ed olej, film EHL (\u03bb = 1,5\u20132,5)<\/td>\n0,040\u20130,060<\/td>\n98,5\u201399,2%<\/td>\nStandardn\u00ed pr\u016fmyslov\u00e1 p\u0159esnost spir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 kolo<\/strong> s miner\u00e1ln\u00edm olejem ISO VG 220<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Odvalovan\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 kolo, miner\u00e1ln\u00ed olej, \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9 EHL (\u03bb = 1,0\u20131,5)<\/td>\n0,060\u20130,090<\/td>\n97,5\u201398,5%<\/td>\nOzuben\u00e9 ozuben\u00ed dle DIN t\u0159\u00eddy 7\u20138; drsn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed povrch zubu zvy\u0161uje mezn\u00ed t\u0159en\u00ed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
M\u011bkk\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 kolo QT, olej s vysokou viskozitou, okrajov\u00fd film<\/td>\n0,090\u20130,120<\/td>\n96,5\u201397,5%<\/td>\nM\u011bkk\u00fd p\u0159evodov\u00fd olej HB 280, ISO VG 320 \u2013 vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed t\u0159en\u00ed v d\u016fsledku kontaktu s drsn\u00fdmi povrchy<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
Vliv \u00fahlu \u0161roubovice na \u00fa\u010dinnost:<\/strong> \u00dahel \u0161roubovice \u03b2 v spir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 kolo<\/strong> m\u00edrn\u011b sni\u017euje \u00fa\u010dinnost z\u00e1b\u011bru ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s \u010deln\u00edm ozuben\u00fdm kolem p\u0159i stejn\u00e9m modulu a po\u010dtu zub\u016f, proto\u017ee \u0161ikm\u00e1 kontaktn\u00ed linie generuje dodate\u010dnou axi\u00e1ln\u00ed kluznou rychlost. Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fd kontaktn\u00ed pom\u011br \u03b5_\u03b2 v\u0161ak rozkl\u00e1d\u00e1 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed na v\u00edce simult\u00e1nn\u00edch p\u00e1r\u016f zub\u016f \u2013 ka\u017ed\u00fd z nich nese men\u0161\u00ed s\u00edlu \u2013 \u010d\u00edm\u017e se sni\u017euje maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed kontaktn\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed, a t\u00edm i maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed kluzn\u00e1 rychlost. Pro \u03b2 = 15\u201325\u00b0 je \u010dist\u00fd vliv \u00fa\u010dinnosti zanedbateln\u00fd (\u00b10,05%). P\u0159i \u03b2 > 35\u00b0 je axi\u00e1ln\u00ed kluzn\u00e1 ztr\u00e1ta m\u011b\u0159iteln\u00e1 (p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b \u22120,1% a\u017e \u22120,3% na stupe\u0148), co\u017e je jeden z d\u016fvod\u016f, pro\u010d se velmi vysok\u00e9 \u00fahly stoup\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161roubovice pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed pouze v dvojit\u00e9 spir\u00e1lov\u00e9 konfigurace<\/a> kde tyto dv\u011b sekce kompenzuj\u00ed axi\u00e1ln\u00ed kluzn\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty.<\/div>\n

Celkov\u00e1 \u00fa\u010dinnost p\u0159evodovky \u2013 kombinace v\u0161ech zdroj\u016f ztr\u00e1t<\/h2>\n

\"Pr\u016f\u0159ez<\/p>\n

\u0160roubov\u00e1 p\u0159evodovka \u2013 \u010dty\u0159i zdroje ztr\u00e1ty v\u00fdkonu se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed v z\u00e1b\u011bru zub\u016f (dominantn\u00ed p\u0159i vysok\u00e9m zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed), lo\u017eisk\u00e1ch h\u0159\u00eddele (\u00fam\u011brn\u00e9 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed lo\u017eiska), olejov\u00e9 van\u011b (ztr\u00e1ta m\u00edch\u00e1n\u00edm se zvy\u0161uje s rychlost\u00ed) a t\u011bsn\u011bn\u00ed h\u0159\u00eddele (men\u0161\u00ed, s v\u00fdjimkou velmi n\u00edzk\u00fdch \u00farovn\u00ed v\u00fdkonu). Sou\u010det ur\u010duje celkovou \u00fa\u010dinnost a tepeln\u00e9 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed, kter\u00e9 m\u00e1 b\u00fdt rozpt\u00fdleno.<\/p>\n

Pro typick\u00fd jednostup\u0148ov\u00fd uzav\u0159en\u00fd spir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 kolo<\/strong> p\u0159evodov\u00e1 jednotka se dv\u011bma kuli\u010dkov\u00fdmi lo\u017eisky s hlubokou dr\u00e1\u017ekou na h\u0159\u00eddeli a dv\u011bma t\u011bsnic\u00edmi krou\u017eky:<\/p>\n

\u03b7_total = \u03b7_s\u00ed\u0165 \u00d7 \u03b7_lo\u017eiska \u00d7 \u03b7_churning \u00d7 \u03b7_seals<\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00edklad: 75 kW, vstupn\u00ed ot\u00e1\u010dky 1500 ot.\/min, M5, podvozek, miner\u00e1ln\u00ed olej, norm\u00e1ln\u00ed ot\u00e1\u010dky
\n\u03b7_s\u00ed\u0165 = 98,8% (f = 0,055, u = 3,0, z\u2081 = 24)
\n\u03b7_lo\u017eiska = 99,0% (4 kuli\u010dkov\u00e1 lo\u017eiska s hlubokou dr\u00e1\u017ekou, st\u0159edn\u00ed zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed)
\n\u03b7_v\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed = 99,5% (v = rychlost na ose stoup\u00e1n\u00ed 5 m\/s; m\u00edrn\u00e9 v\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed)
\n\u03b7_t\u011bsn\u011bn\u00ed = 99,8% (ztr\u00e1ta t\u011bsn\u011bn\u00ed 2 \u00d7 30 W p\u0159i 75 kW)<\/p>\n

\u03b7_celkem = 0,988 \u00d7 0,990 \u00d7 0,995 \u00d7 0,998 = 97,2%<\/p>\n

P_ztr\u00e1ta = 75 kW \u00d7 (1 \u2212 0,972) = 2,1 kW teplo generovan\u00e9 ve sk\u0159\u00edni p\u0159evodovky<\/p>\n

V\u00fdpo\u010det generov\u00e1n\u00ed tepla a n\u00e1r\u016fstu teploty oleje<\/h2>\n

Tepeln\u00e9 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed 2,1 kW ve v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9m spir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 kolo<\/strong> Nap\u0159\u00edklad mus\u00ed b\u00fdt kontinu\u00e1ln\u011b rozptylov\u00e1n p\u0159es povrch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011b p\u0159evodovky do okoln\u00edho vzduchu. Rovnov\u00e1\u017en\u00fd n\u00e1r\u016fst teploty oleje \u0394T nad okoln\u00ed teplotu je:<\/p>\n

\u0394T_oleje = P_ztr\u00e1ta \/ (k_h \u00d7 A_kryt)
\nkde: k_h = sou\u010dinitel p\u0159estupu tepla p\u0159irozenou konvekc\u00ed povrchu sk\u0159\u00edn\u011b
\n= 15\u201325 W\/(m\u00b2\u00b7K) pro standardn\u00ed litinovou nebo hlin\u00edkovou sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148 bez ventil\u00e1toru
\n= 25\u201340 W\/(m\u00b2\u00b7K) pro pouzdro s vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi chladic\u00edmi \u017eebry
\n= 40\u201380 W\/(m\u00b2\u00b7K) pro kryt s integrovan\u00fdm ventil\u00e1torem
\nA_sk\u0159\u00edn\u011b = vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed plocha sk\u0159\u00edn\u011b p\u0159evodovky [m\u00b2]<\/p>\n

Pro p\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159evodovky o v\u00fdkonu 75 kW s vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed plochou sk\u0159\u00edn\u011b A = 0,8 m\u00b2 a k_h = 20 W\/(m\u00b2\u00b7K):<\/p>\n

\u0394T_oleje = 2100 W \/ (20 \u00d7 0,8) = 131 \u00b0C nad teplotou okol\u00ed<\/p>\n

Tento v\u00fdsledek nazna\u010duje, \u017ee je nutn\u00e9 chlazen\u00ed oleje.<\/strong> P\u0159i okoln\u00ed teplot\u011b 20 \u00b0C by rovnov\u00e1\u017en\u00e1 teplota oleje dos\u00e1hla 151 \u00b0C \u2013 co\u017e je v\u00fdrazn\u011b v\u00edce ne\u017e maximum 80\u201390 \u00b0C pro miner\u00e1ln\u00ed olej a 110\u2013120 \u00b0C pro syntetick\u00fd olej PAO. Bez chlazen\u00ed klesne viskozita oleje pod minim\u00e1ln\u00ed po\u017eadavek na film EHL, co\u017e urychluje opot\u0159eben\u00ed povrchu ozuben\u00e9ho kola a p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 od\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed. Pro tento pohon bu\u010f: (a) p\u0159ejd\u011bte na nucen\u00e9 chlazen\u00ed vzduchem (ventil\u00e1tor na vstupn\u00ed h\u0159\u00eddeli, k_h se zv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed na 45 W\/(m\u00b2\u00b7K) \u2192 \u0394T = 58 \u00b0C \u2192 T_oil \u2248 78 \u00b0C \u2013 p\u0159ijateln\u00e9 pro miner\u00e1ln\u00ed olej); nebo (b) specifikujte chladi\u010d oleje s v\u00fdkonem odvodu tepla 2,1 kW.<\/div>\n

Kdy je nutn\u00fd olejov\u00fd chladi\u010d? \u2013 Rozhodnut\u00ed o tepeln\u00e9m hodnocen\u00ed<\/h2>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Metoda chlazen\u00ed<\/th>\nk_h (W\/m\u00b2\u00b7K)<\/th>\nMaxim\u00e1ln\u00ed tepeln\u00e9 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed P_ztr\u00e1ta na m\u00b2 pouzdra<\/th>\nKdy\u017e je dostate\u010dn\u00e9<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
P\u0159irozen\u00e1 konvekce, nenat\u0159en\u00e9 pouzdro<\/td>\n12\u201318<\/td>\n600\u2013900 W\/m\u00b2 (pro \u0394T = limit 50 \u00b0C)<\/td>\nMal\u00fd spir\u00e1lov\u00e9 p\u0159evodovky<\/strong> pod ~30 kW p\u0159i standardn\u00edch pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch ot\u00e1\u010dk\u00e1ch<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Chladic\u00ed \u017eebra na vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed stran\u011b sk\u0159\u00edn\u011b<\/td>\n18\u201330<\/td>\n900\u20131500 W\/m\u00b2<\/td>\nSt\u0159edn\u00ed p\u0159evodovky 30\u2013100 kW, u kter\u00fdch lze zv\u011bt\u0161it plochu sk\u0159\u00edn\u011b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Extern\u00ed chladic\u00ed ventil\u00e1tor poh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fd h\u0159\u00eddel\u00ed<\/td>\n35\u201360<\/td>\n1750\u20133000 W\/m\u00b2<\/td>\nKompaktn\u00ed p\u0159evodovky 50\u2013200 kW, u kter\u00fdch je zv\u011bt\u0161en\u00ed sk\u0159\u00edn\u011b nepraktick\u00e9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Extern\u00ed chladi\u010d olej-vzduch nebo olej-voda<\/td>\nN\/A (chladi\u010d jmenovit\u00fd v\u00fdkon v kW)<\/td>\nNeomezen\u00e9 (velikost dle P_loss)<\/td>\n\u017d\u00e1dn\u00fd spir\u00e1lov\u00e1 p\u0159evodovka<\/strong> nad 200 kW nebo jak\u00e1koli p\u0159evodovka, kde je okoln\u00ed teplota > 40 \u00b0C<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

Porovn\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnosti \u2013 \u0160roubov\u00e9 ozuben\u00ed vs. jin\u00e9 typy pohon\u016f<\/h2>\n

\"Ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed<\/p>\n

Zku\u0161ebn\u00ed stolice pro \u00fa\u010dinnost Ever-Power v Koreji \u2013 vstupn\u00ed a v\u00fdstupn\u00ed to\u010div\u00fd moment a ot\u00e1\u010dky se m\u011b\u0159\u00ed sou\u010dasn\u011b; ztr\u00e1ta v\u00fdkonu = P_in \u2212 P_out; v\u00fdsledky potvrzuj\u00ed predikci \u00fa\u010dinnosti s\u00edt\u011b z modelu sou\u010dinitele t\u0159en\u00ed pro specifikovanou spir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 kolo<\/strong> materi\u00e1l, druh oleje a rychlost na ose stoup\u00e1n\u00ed<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Typ pohonu<\/th>\n\u00da\u010dinnost na stupe\u0148<\/th>\nRozsah p\u0159evodov\u00e9ho pom\u011bru (jednostup\u0148ov\u00fd)<\/th>\nPozn\u00e1mky<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
\u0160roubovit\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 kolo<\/strong> (mlet\u00fd, syntetick\u00fd olej)<\/td>\n98,5\u201399,5%<\/td>\n1:1 a\u017e 8:1<\/td>\nNejlep\u0161\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnost; vy\u017eaduje paraleln\u00ed h\u0159\u00eddele<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0160roubovit\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 kolo (odvalovan\u00e9, miner\u00e1ln\u00ed olej)<\/td>\n97,5\u201398,5%<\/td>\n1:1 a\u017e 8:1<\/td>\nStandardn\u00ed pr\u016fmyslov\u00e1 kvalita<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ku\u017eelov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 kolo (p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 nebo spir\u00e1lov\u00e9)<\/td>\n97\u201399%<\/td>\n1:1 a\u017e 6:1<\/td>\n\u00dahel h\u0159\u00eddele 90\u00b0; spir\u00e1lov\u00e9 zkosen\u00ed se bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed spir\u00e1lov\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinnosti<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Planet\u00e1rn\u00ed spir\u00e1lovit\u00fd (3 planety)<\/td>\n97\u201399% (celkov\u00e9 st\u00e1dium)<\/td>\n3:1 a\u017e 10:1<\/td>\nV\u00edce s\u00edt\u00ed paraleln\u011b; kompaktn\u00ed, ale 3 s\u00edt\u011b zvy\u0161uj\u00ed ztr\u00e1ty<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0160nekov\u00e9 kolo (\u00fahel stoup\u00e1n\u00ed 20\u201325\u00b0)<\/td>\n82\u201390%<\/td>\n5:1 a\u017e 80:1<\/td>\nVysok\u00fd p\u0159evod v jednostup\u0148ov\u00e9m proveden\u00ed, ale 3\u20135\u00d7 v\u00edce tepla ne\u017e spir\u00e1lov\u00fd stupe\u0148 p\u0159i stejn\u00e9m v\u00fdkonu<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0160nekov\u00e9 kolo (\u00fahel stoup\u00e1n\u00ed 5\u201310\u00b0)<\/td>\n60\u201375%<\/td>\n20:1 a\u017e 100:1<\/td>\nRiziko samosvornosti; vysok\u00fd v\u00fdvin tepla; ur\u010duje tepeln\u00e1 odolnost<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

Korea Ever-Power \u2013 Dokumentace k tepeln\u00fdm parametr\u016fm s objedn\u00e1vkami p\u0159evodovek<\/h2>\n

Pro ka\u017edou p\u0159ilo\u017eenou zak\u00e1zku spir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 kolo<\/strong> V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b objedn\u00e1vky sestavy pohonu poskytuje spole\u010dnost Korea Ever-Power v\u00fdpo\u010det tepeln\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu potvrzuj\u00edc\u00ed rovnov\u00e1\u017enou teplotu oleje za specifikovan\u00fdch provozn\u00edch podm\u00ednek (v\u00fdkon, ot\u00e1\u010dky, okoln\u00ed teplota, pracovn\u00ed cyklus). V\u00fdpo\u010det vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 skute\u010dn\u00fd koeficient t\u0159en\u00ed v z\u00e1b\u011bru odhadnut\u00fd ze specifikovan\u00e9ho druhu oleje a t\u0159\u00eddy p\u0159esnosti p\u0159evodovky, plochu povrchu sk\u0159\u00edn\u011b z rozm\u011brov\u00e9ho uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed a po\u017eadovan\u00fd zp\u016fsob chlazen\u00ed pro udr\u017een\u00ed teploty oleje v dan\u00e9m rozsahu. Jako p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd... v\u00fdrobce \u0161ikm\u00fdch ozuben\u00fdch kol<\/a>Tepeln\u00e9 hodnocen\u00ed spole\u010dnosti Korea Ever-Power je uvedeno v dokumentaci objedn\u00e1vky \u2013 nikoli jako dodate\u010dn\u00e1 my\u0161lenka, ale jako standardn\u00ed ov\u011b\u0159ovac\u00ed krok p\u0159ed mont\u00e1\u017e\u00ed p\u0159evodovky. Projd\u011bte si sortiment \u0161ikm\u00fdch ozuben\u00fdch kol<\/a> pro v\u0161echny standardn\u00ed i zak\u00e1zkov\u00e9 aplikace pohon\u016f.<\/p>\n

\u010casto kladen\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky<\/h2>\n
Pro\u010d p\u0159echod z miner\u00e1ln\u00edho oleje na syntetick\u00fd olej PAO zlep\u0161uje \u00fa\u010dinnost \u0161ikm\u00fdch p\u0159evod\u016f?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Syntetick\u00fd olej PAO (polyalfaolefin) m\u00e1 viskozitn\u00ed index 140\u2013160 oproti 90\u2013110 u miner\u00e1ln\u00edho oleje. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee PAO si udr\u017euje dostate\u010dnou viskozitu p\u0159i vysok\u00e9 provozn\u00ed teplot\u011b, zat\u00edmco p\u0159i pokojov\u00e9 teplot\u011b m\u00e1 ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed viskozitu \u2013 oba \u00fa\u010dinky jsou prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9. Prim\u00e1rn\u00edm mechanismem je ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed trak\u010dn\u00ed koeficient (pom\u011br te\u010dn\u00e9 s\u00edly k kontaktn\u00ed s\u00edle v kontaktn\u00ed z\u00f3n\u011b EHL): kontakty PAO maj\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b o 20\u201330% ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed trak\u010dn\u00ed koeficient ne\u017e ekvivalentn\u00ed kontakty z miner\u00e1ln\u00edho oleje p\u0159i stejn\u00e9 viskozit\u011b. Pro spir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 kolo<\/strong> U pohonu b\u011b\u017e\u00edc\u00edho na miner\u00e1ln\u00ed olej p\u0159i \u03b7_mesh = 98,8% se p\u0159i p\u0159echodu na PAO zlep\u0161\u00ed hodnota p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b na 99,1\u201399,2% \u2013 co\u017e p\u0159edstavuje sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed tepeln\u00e9ho zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed o 20\u201325% p\u0159i stejn\u00e9m p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161en\u00e9m v\u00fdkonu.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Zlep\u0161uje zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed \u00fahlu stoup\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161roubovice \u03b2 \u00fa\u010dinnost \u0161ikm\u00e9ho ozuben\u00e9ho kola?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Teoreticky zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed \u03b2 m\u00edrn\u011b sni\u017euje \u03b7_mesh pro standardn\u00ed jedno\u0161roubovicovou strukturu. spir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 kolo<\/strong> proto\u017ee slo\u017eka axi\u00e1ln\u00ed kluzn\u00e9 rychlosti se zvy\u0161uje s tan \u03b2. V praxi je tento efekt mal\u00fd (rozd\u00edl men\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 0,1% mezi \u03b2 = 15\u00b0 a \u03b2 = 25\u00b0) a je vyv\u00e1\u017een nep\u0159\u00edm\u00fdmi v\u00fdhodami: vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed \u03b2 poskytuje vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed kontaktn\u00ed pom\u011br \u03b5_\u03b2, co\u017e sni\u017euje dynamick\u00fd sou\u010dinitel zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed K_V, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje pou\u017eit\u00ed men\u0161\u00edho (leh\u010d\u00edho, s ni\u017e\u0161\u00edmi ztr\u00e1tami p\u0159i t\u0159en\u00ed) ozuben\u00e9ho kola pro stejn\u00fd p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161en\u00fd to\u010div\u00fd moment. Pro standardn\u00ed pr\u016fmyslov\u00fd rozsah \u03b2 = 15\u201325\u00b0 jsou rozd\u00edly v \u00fa\u010dinnosti u v\u011bt\u0161iny p\u0159evodovek ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e nejistota m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed. Volba \u00fahlu \u0161roubovice se spr\u00e1vn\u011b prov\u00e1d\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b hluku, axi\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fanosnosti a kontaktn\u00edho pom\u011bru \u2013 nikoli \u00fa\u010dinnosti.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Jak\u00fd je tepeln\u00fd v\u00fdkon p\u0159evodovky a jak se li\u0161\u00ed od mechanick\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Jmenovit\u00fd mechanick\u00fd v\u00fdkon spir\u00e1lov\u00e1 p\u0159evodovka<\/strong> je maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdkon, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m zuby ozuben\u00e9ho kola nesel\u017eou \u00fanavou v kontaktu ani \u00fanavou v ohybu b\u011bhem konstruk\u010dn\u00ed \u017eivotnosti. Jmenovit\u00fd tepeln\u00fd v\u00fdkon (tepeln\u00fd v\u00fdkon) je maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdkon, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m m\u016f\u017ee sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148 p\u0159evodovky odv\u00e9st dostatek tepla k udr\u017een\u00ed teploty oleje pod maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed povolenou hodnotou (obvykle 80\u201390 \u00b0C pro miner\u00e1ln\u00ed olej, 100\u2013110 \u00b0C pro syntetick\u00fd olej). Pro velk\u00e9, pomalu b\u011b\u017e\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159evodovky spir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 kolo<\/strong> U p\u0159evodovek s malou plochou sk\u0159\u00edn\u011b je tepeln\u00fd v\u00fdkon \u010dasto ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e mechanick\u00fd \u2013 mechanick\u00e9 zuby jsou dostate\u010dn\u011b pevn\u00e9, aby p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161ely v\u00fdkon, ale sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148 nedok\u00e1\u017ee dostate\u010dn\u011b rychle odv\u00e9st v\u00fdsledn\u00e9 teplo. V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b je pou\u017eiteln\u00fdm v\u00fdkonem tepeln\u00fd v\u00fdkon, nikoli mechanick\u00fd v\u00fdkon.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Jak ovliv\u0148uje provoz p\u0159i \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9m zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnost \u0161ikm\u00e9ho p\u0159evodu?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0160roubovit\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 kolo<\/strong> \u00da\u010dinnost s\u00edt\u011b se p\u0159i \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9m zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed m\u00edrn\u011b zlep\u0161uje, proto\u017ee ztr\u00e1ta kluzn\u00fdm t\u0159en\u00edm P_VZP je \u00fam\u011brn\u00e1 p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161en\u00e9 tangenci\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edle F_t \u2013 p\u0159i zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed 50% je ztr\u00e1ta s\u00edt\u011b rovna 50% hodnoty p\u0159i pln\u00e9m zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed. Ztr\u00e1ty v\u00ed\u0159en\u00edm a t\u011bsn\u011bn\u00edm jsou v\u0161ak nez\u00e1visl\u00e9 na zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed. Celkov\u00e1 ztr\u00e1ta tedy spir\u00e1lov\u00e1 p\u0159evodovka<\/strong> \u00da\u010dinnost p\u0159i zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed 50% je o n\u011bco ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e p\u0159i pln\u00e9m zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed \u2013 fixn\u00ed ztr\u00e1ty v\u00ed\u0159en\u00edm a t\u011bsn\u011bn\u00edm p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed zlomek (men\u0161\u00edho) p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161en\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu. Pro spir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 kolo<\/strong> U pohon\u016f pracuj\u00edc\u00edch p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b s \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00fdm zat\u00ed\u017een\u00edm (pod 601 TP3T jmenovit\u00e9ho), tento efekt ospravedl\u0148uje zv\u00e1\u017een\u00ed men\u0161\u00ed p\u0159evodovky s vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edm faktorem, sp\u00ed\u0161e ne\u017e p\u0159edimenzov\u00e1n\u00ed na velkou p\u0159evodovku, kter\u00e1 pracuje p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b se zat\u00ed\u017een\u00edm 20\u2013301 TP3T s ne\u00fam\u011brn\u011b vysok\u00fdmi fixn\u00edmi ztr\u00e1tami.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

V\u00fdpo\u010det tepeln\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu pro v\u00e1\u0161 pohon se \u0161ikm\u00fdm ozuben\u00fdm kolem<\/h2>\n

Uve\u010fte sv\u016fj v\u00fdkon, ot\u00e1\u010dky, p\u0159evodov\u00fd pom\u011br, okoln\u00ed teplotu a pracovn\u00ed cyklus. Korea Ever-Power vypo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1v\u00e1 \u03b7_total, P_loss a rovnov\u00e1\u017enou teplotu oleje \u2013 p\u0159ed sestaven\u00edm p\u0159evodovky potvrzuje, zda je vy\u017eadov\u00e1na p\u0159irozen\u00e1 konvekce, nucen\u00e9 chlazen\u00ed vzduchem nebo olejov\u00fd chladi\u010d.<\/p>\n

Vy\u017e\u00e1dat si v\u00fdpo\u010det tepeln\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinnosti<\/a>
\nProduktov\u00e1 \u0159ada \u0161ikm\u00fdch ozuben\u00fdch kol<\/a><\/div>\n

Vzorec \u03b7_s\u00edt\u011b \u00b7 V\u00fdpo\u010det_ztr\u00e1t P \u00b7 N\u00e1r\u016fst teploty oleje \u00b7 V\u00fdb\u011br metody chlazen\u00ed \u00b7 Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9 objedn\u00e1vky p\u0159evodovky<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

St\u0159iha\u010d: Cxm<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Helical Gear Efficiency \u2014 Mesh Power Loss, Heat Generation and Oil Cooling Calculation Helical gear drives are among the most efficient power transmission components available \u2014 a well-specified, precision-ground helical gear stage converts 98.5\u201399.5% of input power into useful output, losing only 0.5\u20131.5% as heat at the tooth mesh. Yet even this small loss fraction […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3082],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2349","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-helical-gears"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/helicalcutgears.top\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2349","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/helicalcutgears.top\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/helicalcutgears.top\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/helicalcutgears.top\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/helicalcutgears.top\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2349"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/helicalcutgears.top\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2349\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2351,"href":"https:\/\/helicalcutgears.top\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2349\/revisions\/2351"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/helicalcutgears.top\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2349"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/helicalcutgears.top\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2349"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/helicalcutgears.top\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2349"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}