{"id":2349,"date":"2026-06-25T03:45:12","date_gmt":"2026-06-25T03:45:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/helicalcutgears.top\/?p=2349"},"modified":"2026-06-25T03:45:12","modified_gmt":"2026-06-25T03:45:12","slug":"helical-gear-efficiency-power-loss-heat-generation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/helicalcutgears.top\/sk\/helical-gear-efficiency-power-loss-heat-generation\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00da\u010dinnos\u0165 \u0161pir\u00e1lov\u00e9ho ozuben\u00e9ho kolesa \u2013 Sprievodca stratou v\u00fdkonu v z\u00e1bere, v\u00fdvinom tepla a chladen\u00edm oleja"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u00da\u010dinnos\u0165 \u0161pir\u00e1lov\u00e9ho ozuben\u00e9ho kolesa \u2013 v\u00fdpo\u010det straty v\u00fdkonu v z\u00e1bere, generovania tepla a chladenia oleja<\/h1>\n

\u0160pir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 koleso<\/strong> Pohony patria medzi najefekt\u00edvnej\u0161ie dostupn\u00e9 komponenty prenosu energie \u2013 dobre \u0161pecifikovan\u00e9, presne br\u00fasen\u00e9 \u0161pir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 koleso<\/strong> stupe\u0148 premie\u0148a 98,5 \u2013 99,51 TP3T vstupn\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu na u\u017eito\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdstup, pri\u010dom sa v z\u00e1bere zubov str\u00e1ca iba 0,5 \u2013 1,51 TP3T ako teplo. Napriek tomu sa aj tento mal\u00fd podiel str\u00e1t st\u00e1va v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm pre pohony s vysok\u00fdm v\u00fdkonom: pohon s v\u00fdkonom 500 kW pri strate v z\u00e1bere zubov 11 TP3T generuje 5 kW tepla, ktor\u00e9 sa mus\u00ed nepretr\u017eite odv\u00e1dza\u0165. Pochopenie toho, kde doch\u00e1dza k strat\u00e1m, ako vypo\u010d\u00edta\u0165 tepeln\u00e9 za\u0165a\u017eenie a kedy je potrebn\u00fd olejov\u00fd chladi\u010d, ur\u010duje, \u010di prevodovka zostane v r\u00e1mci svojho tepeln\u00e9ho prev\u00e1dzkov\u00e9ho okna po\u010das celej svojej \u017eivotnosti.<\/p>\n

Vy\u017eiadajte si tepeln\u00e9 hodnotenie pre va\u0161u prevodovku \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u0160tyri zdroje str\u00e1t v\u00fdkonu v pohone so \u0161pir\u00e1lov\u00fdm ozuben\u00fdm kolesom<\/h2>\n

Celkov\u00e1 \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165 \u03b7_total a \u0161pir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 koleso<\/strong> pohon je s\u00fa\u010dinom \u00fa\u010dinnosti v\u0161etk\u00fdch jednotliv\u00fdch zdrojov str\u00e1t. Pre jednostup\u0148ov\u00fd uzavret\u00fd \u0161pir\u00e1lov\u00e1 prevodovka<\/strong>, \u0161tyri nez\u00e1visl\u00e9 mechanizmy spotreb\u00favaj\u00fa energiu z \u0161pir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 koleso<\/strong> pohon:<\/p>\n

\n
1. Strata v z\u00e1bere ozuben\u00fdch kolies (z\u00e1visl\u00e1 od za\u0165a\u017eenia)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Klzn\u00e9 trenie medzi bokmi zubov po\u010das f\u00e1zy pribl\u00ed\u017eenia a zah\u013abenia pri z\u00e1bere. Toto je dominantn\u00e1 strata \u00fa\u010dinnosti v \u0161pir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 koleso<\/strong> pohon, \u010do predstavuje 50 \u2013 701 TP3T celkovej straty v\u00fdkonu prevodovky. Strata v sieti sa priamo \u0161k\u00e1luje s pren\u00e1\u0161an\u00fdm za\u0165a\u017een\u00edm (pri nulovom za\u0165a\u017een\u00ed mizne). Typick\u00fd pr\u00edspevok: 0,5 \u2013 1,51 TP3T pren\u00e1\u0161an\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu na stupe\u0148 siete.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

2. Strata v lo\u017eisku (z\u00e1visl\u00e1 od za\u0165a\u017eenia + z\u00e1visl\u00e1 od r\u00fdchlosti)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Trenie valiv\u00e9ho lo\u017eiska v lo\u017eisk\u00e1ch hriade\u013ea. Pre gu\u013ekov\u00e9 lo\u017eisk\u00e1 s hlbokou dr\u00e1\u017ekou: \u03b7_bearing \u2248 99,5% na lo\u017eisko pri strednej r\u00fdchlosti a za\u0165a\u017een\u00ed. Pre val\u010dekov\u00e9 lo\u017eisk\u00e1 pri vysokej r\u00fdchlosti a za\u0165a\u017een\u00ed: \u03b7_bearing \u2248 98,5 \u2013 99%. Dva p\u00e1ry lo\u017e\u00edsk na hriade\u013e prid\u00e1vaj\u00fa 0,5 \u2013 1,5% celkov\u00fa stratu v lo\u017eisku pre typick\u00fd jednostup\u0148ov\u00fd motor. \u0161pir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 koleso<\/strong> jednotka.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

3. Strata v\u00edrenia a vetra (iba v z\u00e1vislosti od r\u00fdchlosti)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Visk\u00f3zne v\u00edrenie oleja ako \u0161pir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 koleso<\/strong> ot\u00e1\u010da sa v olejovom k\u00fapeli a aerodynamick\u00e9 vetranie pri vysokej r\u00fdchlosti. Strata v\u00edren\u00edm \u221d n\u00b2 \u00d7 \u03c1_olej \u00d7 d_prevodovka\u00b3 \u2013 st\u00e1va sa dominantnou pri vysok\u00fdch r\u00fdchlostiach na l\u00ednii st\u00fapania (> 15 m\/s) a pri preplnen\u00fdch olejov\u00fdch vaniach. V\u00edrenie predstavuje 0,5 \u2013 31 TP3T straty v\u00fdkonu v prevodovk\u00e1ch mazan\u00fdch rozstrekovan\u00edm pri vysokej r\u00fdchlosti.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

4. Strata tesnenia (z\u00e1visl\u00e1 od r\u00fdchlosti)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Odpor tesnenia perom na vstupnom a v\u00fdstupnom hriadeli. Ka\u017ed\u00e9 tesnenie perom rozpty\u013euje pribli\u017ene 10 \u2013 30 W pri typick\u00fdch priemeroch hriade\u013ea a ot\u00e1\u010dkach \u2013 zanedbate\u013en\u00e9 pre pohony s vysok\u00fdm v\u00fdkonom (> 50 kW), ale relevantn\u00e9 pre mal\u00e9 \u0161pir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 koleso<\/strong> jednotky s v\u00fdkonom pod 5 kW, kde strata tesnenia m\u00f4\u017ee predstavova\u0165 1\u20133% menovit\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u00da\u010dinnos\u0165 z\u00e1beru \u0161pir\u00e1lov\u00e9ho ozuben\u00e9ho kolesa \u2013 vzorec pre straty pri klznom r\u00e1ze<\/h2>\n

\u00da\u010dinnos\u0165 z\u00e1beru ozuben\u00fdch kolies \u0161pir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 koleso<\/strong> Dvojica je prim\u00e1rne ur\u010den\u00e1 koeficientom klzn\u00e9ho trenia f v kontaktnej z\u00f3ne zubov a geometriou ozuben\u00e9ho kolesa. Pr\u00edstupy Benedictovho-Kelleyho a Niemannovho pr\u00edstupu k strate klzn\u00e9ho trenia d\u00e1vaj\u00fa stratu v\u00fdkonu v z\u00e1bere P_VZP ako:<\/p>\n

\u03b7_mesh = 1 \u2212 P_VZP \/ P_transmitted
\nP_VZP = f \u00d7 F_t \u00d7 v_s_priemer \u00d7 \u03b5_\u03b1
\nkde: f = stredn\u00fd koeficient klzn\u00e9ho trenia (pozri tabu\u013eku ni\u017e\u0161ie)
\nF_t = tangenci\u00e1lna sila na rozstupovej kru\u017enici [N]
\nv_s_mean = priemern\u00e1 r\u00fdchlos\u0165 posuvu pri kontakte zuba \u2248 \u03c0 \u00d7 (1\/z\u2081 + 1\/z\u2082) \u00d7 F_t\/(b \u00d7 mn) \u00d7 [mm\/s]
\n\u03b5_\u03b1 = prie\u010dny kontaktn\u00fd pomer<\/p>\n

Pre praktick\u00e9 \u0161pir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 koleso<\/strong> Zjednodu\u0161en\u00fd Niemannov vzorec ud\u00e1va \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165 z\u00e1beru ako funkciu prevodov\u00e9ho pomeru u a koeficientu trenia f:<\/p>\n

\u03b7_mesh \u2248 1 \u2212 f \u00d7 \u03c0 \u00d7 (1\/z\u2081 + 1\/z\u2082) \/ cos(\u03b1_t) \u00d7 (1 + 0,25 \u00d7 \u03b5_\u03b2\u00b2)\u2070\u00b7\u2075<\/p>\n

Zjednodu\u0161ene: \u03b7_mesh \u2248 1 \u2212 f \u00d7 \u03c0 \u00d7 (u + 1) \/ (u \u00d7 z\u2081 \u00d7 cos \u03b1_t)<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Prev\u00e1dzkov\u00fd stav<\/th>\nS\u00fa\u010dinite\u013e trenia f<\/th>\nTypick\u00e1 \u03b7_mesh na etapu<\/th>\nPozn\u00e1mky<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Podvozok, syntetick\u00fd olej PAO, plne EHL film (\u03bb \u2265 2)<\/td>\n0,025 \u2013 0,040<\/td>\n99,0\u201399,5%<\/td>\nNajlep\u0161ie dosiahnute\u013en\u00e9: presnos\u0165 \u0161pir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 koleso<\/strong>, DIN trieda 4\u20135, ISO VG 100\u2013220 PAO pri prev\u00e1dzkovej teplote<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Podvozok, miner\u00e1lny olej, film EHL (\u03bb = 1,5\u20132,5)<\/td>\n0,040 \u2013 0,060<\/td>\n98,5\u201399,2%<\/td>\n\u0160tandardn\u00e1 priemyseln\u00e1 presnos\u0165 \u0161pir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 koleso<\/strong> s miner\u00e1lnym olejom ISO VG 220<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ozuben\u00e9 koleso s odvalovac\u00edm mechanizmom, miner\u00e1lny olej, \u010diasto\u010dn\u00e9 EHL (\u03bb = 1,0\u20131,5)<\/td>\n0,060 \u2013 0,090<\/td>\n97,5\u201398,5%<\/td>\nOzuben\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 koleso triedy DIN 7\u20138; drsnej\u0161\u00ed povrch zubov zvy\u0161uje medzn\u00e9 trenie<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
M\u00e4kk\u00fd bo\u010dn\u00fd prevod QT, vysoko visk\u00f3zny olej, okrajov\u00fd film<\/td>\n0,090 \u2013 0,120<\/td>\n96,5\u201397,5%<\/td>\nPrevodov\u00fd olej s m\u00e4kk\u00fdm bokom, HB 280, ISO VG 320 \u2013 vy\u0161\u0161ie trenie v d\u00f4sledku kontaktu s drsnos\u0165ou<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
Vplyv uhla skrutkovice na \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165:<\/strong> Uhol \u0161pir\u00e1ly \u03b2 v \u0161pir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 koleso<\/strong> mierne zni\u017euje \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165 z\u00e1beru v porovnan\u00ed s \u010deln\u00fdm ozuben\u00fdm kolesom pri rovnakom module a po\u010dte zubov, preto\u017ee \u0161ikm\u00e1 kontaktn\u00e1 \u010diara generuje dodato\u010dn\u00fa axi\u00e1lnu r\u00fdchlos\u0165 posuvu. Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fd kontaktn\u00fd pomer \u03b5_\u03b2 v\u0161ak rozde\u013euje za\u0165a\u017eenie na viac s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00fdch p\u00e1rov zubov \u2013 ka\u017ed\u00fd nesie men\u0161iu silu \u2013 \u010d\u00edm sa zni\u017euje maxim\u00e1lne kontaktn\u00e9 nap\u00e4tie, a teda aj maxim\u00e1lna r\u00fdchlos\u0165 posuvu. Pre \u03b2 = 15\u201325\u00b0 je \u010dist\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinok \u00fa\u010dinnosti zanedbate\u013en\u00fd (\u00b10,05%). Pri \u03b2 > 35\u00b0 je axi\u00e1lna strata posuvu merate\u013en\u00e1 (pribli\u017ene \u22120,1% a\u017e \u22120,3% na stupe\u0148), \u010do je jeden z d\u00f4vodov, pre\u010do sa ve\u013emi vysok\u00e9 uhly skrutkovice pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa iba v dvojit\u00e9 \u0161pir\u00e1lov\u00e9 konfigur\u00e1cie<\/a> kde tieto dve sekcie ru\u0161ia axi\u00e1lne straty klzom.<\/div>\n

Celkov\u00e1 \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165 prevodovky \u2013 kombin\u00e1cia v\u0161etk\u00fdch zdrojov str\u00e1t<\/h2>\n

\"Prierez<\/p>\n

\u0160pir\u00e1lov\u00e1 prevodovka \u2013 \u0161tyri zdroje str\u00e1t v\u00fdkonu sa nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa v z\u00e1bere zubov (dominantn\u00fd pri vysokom za\u0165a\u017een\u00ed), lo\u017eisk\u00e1ch hriade\u013ea (\u00famern\u00e9 za\u0165a\u017eeniu lo\u017eiska), olejovej vani (strata v\u00edren\u00edm sa zvy\u0161uje s r\u00fdchlos\u0165ou) a tesneniach hriade\u013ea (men\u0161ie, okrem ve\u013emi n\u00edzkych \u00farovn\u00ed v\u00fdkonu). S\u00fa\u010det ur\u010duje celkov\u00fa \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165 a tepeln\u00e9 za\u0165a\u017eenie, ktor\u00e9 sa m\u00e1 rozpt\u00fdli\u0165.<\/p>\n

Pre typick\u00fd jednostup\u0148ov\u00fd uzavret\u00fd \u0161pir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 koleso<\/strong> Prevodov\u00e1 jednotka s dvoma radi\u00e1lnymi gu\u013e\u00f4\u010dkov\u00fdmi lo\u017eiskami na hriadeli a dvoma tesniacimi kr\u00fa\u017ekami:<\/p>\n

\u03b7_total = \u03b7_sie\u0165 \u00d7 \u03b7_lo\u017eisk\u00e1 \u00d7 \u03b7_churning \u00d7 \u03b7_tesnenia<\/p>\n

Pr\u00edklad: 75 kW, vstupn\u00e9 ot\u00e1\u010dky 1500 ot.\/min, M5, pozemn\u00fd prevod, miner\u00e1lny olej, norm\u00e1lna r\u00fdchlos\u0165
\n\u03b7_sie\u0165 = 98,8% (f = 0,055, u = 3,0, z\u2081 = 24)
\n\u03b7_lo\u017eisk\u00e1 = 99,0% (4 gu\u013ekov\u00e9 lo\u017eisk\u00e1 s hlbokou dr\u00e1\u017ekou, stredn\u00e9 za\u0165a\u017eenie)
\n\u03b7_v\u00edrenie = 99,5% (v = r\u00fdchlos\u0165 na \u010diare sklonu 5 m\/s; mierne v\u00edrenie)
\n\u03b7_tesnenie = 99,8% (strata tesnenia 2 \u00d7 30 W pri 75 kW)<\/p>\n

\u03b7_celkom = 0,988 \u00d7 0,990 \u00d7 0,995 \u00d7 0,998 = 97,2%<\/p>\n

P_strata = 75 kW \u00d7 (1 \u2212 0,972) = 2,1 kW teplo generovan\u00e9 v telese prevodovky<\/p>\n

V\u00fdpo\u010det generovania tepla a zv\u00fd\u0161enia teploty oleja<\/h2>\n

Tepeln\u00e9 za\u0165a\u017eenie 2,1 kW vo vy\u0161\u0161ie uvedenom \u0161pir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 koleso<\/strong> Napr\u00edklad mus\u00ed by\u0165 kontinu\u00e1lne rozpty\u013eovan\u00fd cez povrch skrine prevodovky do okolit\u00e9ho vzduchu. Rovnov\u00e1\u017eny n\u00e1rast teploty oleja \u0394T nad teplotu okolit\u00e9ho vzduchu je:<\/p>\n

\u0394T_olej = P_strata \/ (k_h \u00d7 A_skri\u0148a)
\nkde: k_h = koeficient prestupu tepla prirodzenou konvekciou povrchu krytu
\n= 15\u201325 W\/(m\u00b2\u00b7K) pre \u0161tandardn\u00fa liatinov\u00fa alebo hlin\u00edkov\u00fa skri\u0148u bez ventil\u00e1tora
\n= 25\u201340 W\/(m\u00b2\u00b7K) pre puzdro s vonkaj\u0161\u00edmi chladiacimi rebrami
\n= 40\u201380 W\/(m\u00b2\u00b7K) pre kryt s integrovan\u00fdm ventil\u00e1torom
\nA_housing = vonkaj\u0161ia plocha krytu prevodovky [m\u00b2]<\/p>\n

Pre pr\u00edklad prevodovky s v\u00fdkonom 75 kW s vonkaj\u0161ou plochou krytu A = 0,8 m\u00b2 a k_h = 20 W\/(m\u00b2\u00b7K):<\/p>\n

\u0394T_olej = 2100 W \/ (20 \u00d7 0,8) = 131 \u00b0C nad teplotou okolia<\/p>\n

Tento v\u00fdsledok nazna\u010duje, \u017ee je potrebn\u00e9 chladenie oleja.<\/strong> Pri teplote okolia 20 \u00b0C by rovnov\u00e1\u017ena teplota oleja dosiahla 151 \u00b0C \u2013 \u010do je v\u00fdrazne viac ako maximum 80 \u2013 90 \u00b0C pre miner\u00e1lny olej a 110 \u2013 120 \u00b0C pre syntetick\u00fd olej PAO. Bez chladenia viskozita oleja klesne pod minim\u00e1lnu po\u017eiadavku na film EHL, \u010do ur\u00fdch\u013euje opotrebovanie povrchu ozuben\u00e9ho kolesa a pr\u00edpadn\u00e9 odieranie. Pre tento pohon bu\u010f: (a) prejdite na n\u00faten\u00e9 chladenie vzduchom (ventil\u00e1tor na vstupnom hriadeli, k_h sa zv\u00fd\u0161i na 45 W\/(m\u00b2\u00b7K) \u2192 \u0394T = 58 \u00b0C \u2192 T_oil \u2248 78 \u00b0C \u2013 prijate\u013en\u00e9 pre miner\u00e1lny olej); alebo (b) \u0161pecifikujte chladi\u010d oleja s v\u00fdkonom odvodu tepla 2,1 kW.<\/div>\n

Kedy je potrebn\u00fd olejov\u00fd chladi\u010d? \u2013 Rozhodnutie o tepelnom hodnoten\u00ed<\/h2>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Met\u00f3da chladenia<\/th>\nk_h (W\/m\u00b2\u00b7K)<\/th>\nMaxim\u00e1lne tepeln\u00e9 za\u0165a\u017eenie P_strata na m\u00b2 b\u00fdvania<\/th>\nKe\u010f je to dostato\u010dn\u00e9<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Prirodzen\u00e1 konvekcia, nenalakovan\u00e9 puzdro<\/td>\n12 \u2013 18<\/td>\n600 \u2013 900 W\/m\u00b2 (pre limit \u0394T = 50 \u00b0C)<\/td>\nMal\u00fd \u0161pir\u00e1lov\u00e9 prevodovky<\/strong> pod ~30 kW pri \u0161tandardn\u00fdch priemyseln\u00fdch r\u00fdchlostiach<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Chladiace rebr\u00e1 na vonkaj\u0161ej strane krytu<\/td>\n18 \u2013 30<\/td>\n900 \u2013 1 500 W\/m\u00b2<\/td>\nStredn\u00e9 prevodovky 30 \u2013 100 kW, kde je mo\u017en\u00e9 zv\u00e4\u010d\u0161i\u0165 plochu krytu<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Extern\u00fd chladiaci ventil\u00e1tor poh\u00e1\u0148an\u00fd hriade\u013eom<\/td>\n35 \u2013 60<\/td>\n1750 \u2013 3 000 W\/m\u00b2<\/td>\nKompaktn\u00e9 prevodovky 50 \u2013 200 kW, kde je zv\u00e4\u010d\u0161enie skrine nepraktick\u00e9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Extern\u00fd chladi\u010d olej-vzduch alebo olej-voda<\/td>\nN\/A (menovit\u00fd v\u00fdkon chladi\u010da pod\u013ea v\u00fdkonu kW)<\/td>\nNeobmedzen\u00e9 (ve\u013ekos\u0165 pod\u013ea P_loss)<\/td>\nAk\u00e9ko\u013evek \u0161pir\u00e1lov\u00e1 prevodovka<\/strong> nad 200 kW alebo ak\u00e1ko\u013evek prevodovka, kde je teplota okolia > 40 \u00b0C<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

Porovnanie \u00fa\u010dinnosti \u2013 \u0160pir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 koleso vs. in\u00e9 typy pohonov<\/h2>\n

\"Overenie<\/p>\n

Sk\u00fa\u0161obn\u00e1 lavica na \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165 K\u00f3rea Ever-Power \u2013 vstupn\u00fd a v\u00fdstupn\u00fd kr\u00fatiaci moment a r\u00fdchlos\u0165 sa meraj\u00fa s\u00fa\u010dasne; strata v\u00fdkonu = P_in \u2212 P_out; v\u00fdsledky potvrdzuj\u00fa predpove\u010f \u00fa\u010dinnosti siete z modelu koeficientu trenia pre \u0161pecifikovan\u00e9 \u0161pir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 koleso<\/strong> materi\u00e1l, druh oleja a r\u00fdchlos\u0165 na \u010diare rozstupu<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Typ pohonu<\/th>\n\u00da\u010dinnos\u0165 na etapu<\/th>\nRozsah prevodov\u00e9ho pomeru (jednostup\u0148ov\u00fd)<\/th>\nPozn\u00e1mky<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
\u0160pir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 koleso<\/strong> (mlet\u00fd, syntetick\u00fd olej)<\/td>\n98,5\u201399,5%<\/td>\n1:1 a\u017e 8:1<\/td>\nNajlep\u0161ia \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165; vy\u017eaduje paraleln\u00e9 hriadele<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0160pir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 koleso (odvalcovan\u00e9, miner\u00e1lny olej)<\/td>\n97,5\u201398,5%<\/td>\n1:1 a\u017e 8:1<\/td>\n\u0160tandardn\u00e1 priemyseln\u00e1 kvalita<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ku\u017ee\u013eov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 koleso (rovn\u00e9 alebo \u0161pir\u00e1lov\u00e9)<\/td>\n97\u201399%<\/td>\n1:1 a\u017e 6:1<\/td>\nUhol hriade\u013ea 90\u00b0; \u0161pir\u00e1lovit\u00fd skosen\u00fd tvar sa bl\u00ed\u017ei k \u0161pir\u00e1lovej \u00fa\u010dinnosti<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Planet\u00e1rny \u0161pir\u00e1lov\u00fd (3 plan\u00e9ty)<\/td>\n97\u201399% (celkov\u00e9 \u0161t\u00e1dium)<\/td>\n3:1 a\u017e 10:1<\/td>\nViacero \u00f4k paralelne; kompaktn\u00e9, ale 3 ok\u00e1 zvy\u0161uj\u00fa stratu<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Z\u00e1vitovkov\u00fd prevod (uhol n\u00e1behu 20\u201325\u00b0)<\/td>\n82\u201390%<\/td>\n5:1 a\u017e 80:1<\/td>\nVysok\u00fd pomer v jednom stupni, ale 3\u20135\u00d7 viac tepla ako \u0161pir\u00e1lov\u00fd pri rovnakom v\u00fdkone<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Z\u00e1vitovkov\u00fd prevod (uhol n\u00e1behu 5\u201310\u00b0)<\/td>\n60\u201375%<\/td>\n20:1 a\u017e 100:1<\/td>\nRiziko samosvorenia; vysok\u00fd v\u00fdvin tepla; rozhoduj\u00face je tepeln\u00e9 za\u0165a\u017eenie<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

Korea Ever-Power \u2013 Dokument\u00e1cia k tepeln\u00fdm hodnoteniam s objedn\u00e1vkami prevodoviek<\/h2>\n

Pre ka\u017ed\u00fd prilo\u017een\u00fd z\u00e1kazkov\u00fd produkt \u0161pir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 koleso<\/strong> Pri objedn\u00e1vke zostavy pohonu poskytuje spolo\u010dnos\u0165 Korea Ever-Power v\u00fdpo\u010det tepeln\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu potvrdzuj\u00faci rovnov\u00e1\u017enu teplotu oleja za \u0161pecifikovan\u00fdch prev\u00e1dzkov\u00fdch podmienok (v\u00fdkon, ot\u00e1\u010dky, teplota okolia, pracovn\u00fd cyklus). V\u00fdpo\u010det pou\u017e\u00edva skuto\u010dn\u00fd koeficient trenia v z\u00e1bere odhadnut\u00fd zo \u0161pecifikovanej triedy oleja a triedy presnosti prevodovky, plochu krytu z rozmerov\u00e9ho rozlo\u017eenia a po\u017eadovan\u00fd sp\u00f4sob chladenia na udr\u017eanie teploty oleja v \u0161pecifikovanom rozsahu. Ako priamy... v\u00fdrobca \u0161pir\u00e1lov\u00fdch ozuben\u00fdch kolies<\/a>Tepeln\u00e9 hodnotenie spolo\u010dnosti Korea Ever-Power je zahrnut\u00e9 v dokument\u00e1cii objedn\u00e1vky \u2013 nie ako dodato\u010dn\u00e1 my\u0161lienka, ale ako \u0161tandardn\u00fd overovac\u00ed krok pred mont\u00e1\u017eou prevodovky. Prezrite si sortiment \u0161pir\u00e1lov\u00fdch ozuben\u00fdch kolies<\/a> pre v\u0161etky \u0161tandardn\u00e9 aj z\u00e1kazkov\u00e9 aplik\u00e1cie pohonov.<\/p>\n

\u010casto kladen\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky<\/h2>\n
Pre\u010do prechod z miner\u00e1lneho oleja na syntetick\u00fd olej PAO zlep\u0161uje \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165 \u0161pir\u00e1lov\u00fdch ozuben\u00fdch kolies?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Syntetick\u00fd olej PAO (polyalfaolef\u00edn) m\u00e1 index viskozity 140 \u2013 160 oproti 90 \u2013 110 pre miner\u00e1lny olej. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee PAO si udr\u017eiava primeran\u00fa viskozitu pri vysokej prev\u00e1dzkovej teplote, pri\u010dom m\u00e1 ni\u017e\u0161iu viskozitu pri izbovej teplote \u2013 oba \u00fa\u010dinky s\u00fa prospe\u0161n\u00e9. Prim\u00e1rnym mechanizmom je ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed koeficient trakcie (pomer tangenci\u00e1lnej sily ku kontaktnej sile v kontaktnej z\u00f3ne EHL): kontakty PAO maj\u00fa pribli\u017ene o 20 \u2013 301 TP3T ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed koeficient trakcie ako ekvivalentn\u00e9 kontakty z miner\u00e1lneho oleja pri rovnakej viskozite. Pre \u0161pir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 koleso<\/strong> Pri pohone s miner\u00e1lnym olejom pri \u03b7_mesh = 98,8% sa prepnut\u00edm na PAO zlep\u0161\u00ed hodnota pribli\u017ene na 99,1 \u2013 99,2% \u2013 \u010do predstavuje zn\u00ed\u017eenie tepeln\u00e9ho za\u0165a\u017eenia o 20 \u2013 25% pri rovnakom pren\u00e1\u0161anom v\u00fdkone.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Zlep\u0161uje zv\u00e4\u010d\u0161enie uhla \u0161pir\u00e1ly \u03b2 \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165 \u0161pir\u00e1lov\u00e9ho ozuben\u00e9ho kolesa?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Teoreticky zv\u00fd\u0161enie \u03b2 mierne zni\u017euje \u03b7_mesh pre \u0161tandardn\u00fa jednoz\u00e1vitnicov\u00fa \u0161trukt\u00faru. \u0161pir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 koleso<\/strong> preto\u017ee zlo\u017eka axi\u00e1lnej klznej r\u00fdchlosti sa zvy\u0161uje s tan \u03b2. V praxi je tento \u00fa\u010dinok mal\u00fd (rozdiel men\u0161\u00ed ako 0,1% medzi \u03b2 = 15\u00b0 a \u03b2 = 25\u00b0) a je vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00fd nepriamymi v\u00fdhodami: vy\u0161\u0161ie \u03b2 poskytuje vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed kontaktn\u00fd pomer \u03b5_\u03b2, \u010do zni\u017euje dynamick\u00fd s\u00fa\u010dinite\u013e za\u0165a\u017eenia K_V, \u010do umo\u017e\u0148uje pou\u017ei\u0165 men\u0161\u00ed (\u013eah\u0161\u00ed, s ni\u017e\u0161\u00edmi stratami v\u00edrenia) prevodov\u00fd stupe\u0148 pri rovnakom pren\u00e1\u0161anom kr\u00fatiacom momente. Pre \u0161tandardn\u00fd priemyseln\u00fd rozsah \u03b2 = 15\u201325\u00b0 s\u00fa rozdiely v \u00fa\u010dinnosti pod neistotou merania pre v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inu prevodoviek. Vo\u013eba uhla skrutkovice sa spr\u00e1vne vykon\u00e1va na z\u00e1klade hluku, axi\u00e1lnej \u00fanosnosti a kontaktn\u00e9ho pomeru \u2013 nie \u00fa\u010dinnosti.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Ak\u00fd je tepeln\u00fd v\u00fdkon prevodovky a ako sa l\u00ed\u0161i od mechanick\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mechanick\u00fd v\u00fdkon \u0161pir\u00e1lov\u00e1 prevodovka<\/strong> je maxim\u00e1lny v\u00fdkon, pri ktorom zuby ozuben\u00e9ho kolesa nezlyhaj\u00fa v d\u00f4sledku kontaktnej \u00fanavy alebo \u00fanavy v ohybe v r\u00e1mci projektovanej \u017eivotnosti. Menovit\u00fd tepeln\u00fd v\u00fdkon (menovit\u00fd tepeln\u00fd v\u00fdkon) je maxim\u00e1lny v\u00fdkon, pri ktorom m\u00f4\u017ee teleso prevodovky odv\u00e1dza\u0165 dostatok tepla na udr\u017eanie teploty oleja pod maxim\u00e1lnou povolenou hodnotou (zvy\u010dajne 80 \u2013 90 \u00b0C pre miner\u00e1lny olej, 100 \u2013 110 \u00b0C pre syntetick\u00fd olej). Pre ve\u013ek\u00e9, pomaly be\u017eiace \u0161pir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 koleso<\/strong> Pri prevodovk\u00e1ch s malou plochou krytu je tepeln\u00fd v\u00fdkon \u010dasto ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ako mechanick\u00fd v\u00fdkon \u2013 mechanick\u00e9 zuby s\u00fa dostato\u010dne pevn\u00e9 na prenos v\u00fdkonu, ale kryt nedok\u00e1\u017ee dostato\u010dne r\u00fdchlo odvies\u0165 v\u00fdsledn\u00e9 teplo. V tomto pr\u00edpade je vyu\u017eite\u013en\u00fdm v\u00fdkonom tepeln\u00fd v\u00fdkon, nie mechanick\u00fd v\u00fdkon.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Ako ovplyv\u0148uje prev\u00e1dzka pri \u010diasto\u010dnom za\u0165a\u017een\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165 \u0161pir\u00e1lov\u00e9ho ozuben\u00e9ho kolesa?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0160pir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 koleso<\/strong> \u00da\u010dinnos\u0165 siete sa mierne zlep\u0161uje pri \u010diasto\u010dnom za\u0165a\u017een\u00ed, preto\u017ee strata klzn\u00fdm tren\u00edm P_VZP je \u00famern\u00e1 pren\u00e1\u0161anej tangenci\u00e1lnej sile F_t \u2013 pri za\u0165a\u017een\u00ed 50% je strata siete 50% hodnoty pri plnom za\u0165a\u017een\u00ed. Straty v\u00edren\u00edm a tesnen\u00edm s\u00fa v\u0161ak nez\u00e1visl\u00e9 od za\u0165a\u017eenia. Preto celkov\u00e1 \u0161pir\u00e1lov\u00e1 prevodovka<\/strong> \u00da\u010dinnos\u0165 pri za\u0165a\u017een\u00ed 50% je o nie\u010do ni\u017e\u0161ia ako pri plnom za\u0165a\u017een\u00ed \u2013 fixn\u00e9 straty v\u00edren\u00edm a tesnen\u00edm predstavuj\u00fa v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed zlomok (men\u0161ieho) pren\u00e1\u0161an\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu. Pre \u0161pir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 koleso<\/strong> Pri pohonoch pracuj\u00facich preva\u017ene s \u010diasto\u010dn\u00fdm za\u0165a\u017een\u00edm (pod 60% menovit\u00e9ho), tento efekt od\u00f4vod\u0148uje zv\u00e1\u017eenie men\u0161ej prevodovky s vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fdm faktorom, a nie predimenzovanie na ve\u013ek\u00fa prevodovku, ktor\u00e1 pracuje preva\u017ene so za\u0165a\u017een\u00edm 20 \u2013 30% s ne\u00famerne vysok\u00fdmi fixn\u00fdmi stratami.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

V\u00fdpo\u010det tepeln\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu pre v\u00e1\u0161 \u0161pir\u00e1lov\u00fd prevodov\u00fd pohon<\/h2>\n

Uve\u010fte svoj v\u00fdkon, r\u00fdchlos\u0165, prevodov\u00fd pomer, okolit\u00fa teplotu a pracovn\u00fd cyklus. Korea Ever-Power vypo\u010d\u00edta \u03b7_total, P_loss a rovnov\u00e1\u017enu teplotu oleja \u2013 pred zostaven\u00edm prevodovky potvrd\u00ed, \u010di je potrebn\u00e1 prirodzen\u00e1 konvekcia, n\u00faten\u00e9 chladenie vzduchom alebo olejov\u00fd chladi\u010d.<\/p>\n

Vy\u017eiada\u0165 si v\u00fdpo\u010det tepelnej \u00fa\u010dinnosti<\/a>
\nSortiment \u0161pir\u00e1lov\u00fdch ozuben\u00fdch kolies<\/a><\/div>\n

Vzorec \u03b7_mesh \u00b7 V\u00fdpo\u010det_straty_P \u00b7 Zv\u00fd\u0161enie teploty oleja \u00b7 V\u00fdber sp\u00f4sobu chladenia \u00b7 S\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou ka\u017edej objedn\u00e1vky prevodovky<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Redaktor: Cxm<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00da\u010dinnos\u0165 \u0161pir\u00e1lov\u00e9ho ozuben\u00e9ho kolesa \u2013 v\u00fdpo\u010det straty v\u00fdkonu v z\u00e1bere, generovania tepla a chladenia oleja \u0160pir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 pohony patria medzi naj\u00fa\u010dinnej\u0161ie dostupn\u00e9 komponenty prenosu v\u00fdkonu \u2013 dobre \u0161pecifikovan\u00fd, presne br\u00fasen\u00fd \u0161pir\u00e1lov\u00fd ozuben\u00fd stupe\u0148 premie\u0148a 98,5 \u2013 99,51 TP3T vstupn\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu na u\u017eito\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdstupn\u00fd v\u00fdkon, pri\u010dom v z\u00e1bere zubov sa str\u00e1ca iba 0,5 \u2013 1,51 TP3T ako teplo. Napriek tomu aj tento mal\u00fd podiel str\u00e1t [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3082],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2349","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-helical-gears"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/helicalcutgears.top\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2349","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/helicalcutgears.top\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/helicalcutgears.top\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/helicalcutgears.top\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/helicalcutgears.top\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2349"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/helicalcutgears.top\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2349\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2351,"href":"https:\/\/helicalcutgears.top\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2349\/revisions\/2351"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/helicalcutgears.top\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2349"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/helicalcutgears.top\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2349"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/helicalcutgears.top\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2349"}],"curies":[{"name":"pracovn\u00fd list","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}